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This island group includes the Dodecanes, the Cyclades, the Sporades, and the Saronic. It also includes the northern islands of Ikaria, Khios, Lesvos, Limnos, and Samos. The Aegean Islands offer a variety of landscapes, from verdant farmland to barren hills. Wherever you may travel in the Aegean, however, beautiful beaches, clear water, and fascinating antiquity are constants.
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Crete, the largest island in Greece, separates the Aegean from the Libyan Sea. It marks the boundary between Europe and Africa. Majestic mountains rise from its center, offering magnificent scenery. Crete is renowned for the variety of its vegetation and the wildlife in its chestnut, oak, and cypress forests. It boasts a diverse landscape of rocky cliffs, sand, pebble beaches, high mountains, and sparkling seas. Legend has it that Crete was the birthplace of Zeus and home of the Minotaur. The Minoans, Crete’s earliest inhabitants, were an extremely advanced civilization. Their palaces contained a plumbing system unmatched until Victorian times. The most important cities from the Minoan era are Festos and Knossos. Because of Crete’s proximity to Egypt and Asia Minor, the island’s culture and history were greatly influenced by different civilizations during the centuries. Crete boasts many important historic sites, including testaments of the Venetian domination, the resistance against the Turkish occupation, and the World War II.
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Located in northwest Greece, Epirus is bordered by the Ionian Sea to the west, the Pindus Mountains to the east, and Albania to the north. It boasts extensive mountains ranges, forests, and spectacular lakes. The coastal gems of Parga, Preveza, and Syvota are idyllic summertime destinations. Ionnina, the region’s capital, is home to an ancient castle and Lake Pamvotis, with its legendary island. Dodoni, located on the outskirts of Ioannina, has a fascinating archaeological site and an ancient theatre. Travelers to the 16th century mountain village of Zagori can stay in a carved stone inn by night, and raft the Voidomatis River by day. The Vikos Gorge, the Grand Canyon of Greece, is also not to be missed.
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The Ionian Islands are characterized by rich vegetation and lively vacation resorts. Corfu and Zakynthos are accessible from the east coast of Italy by car ferry or by plane from Athens. Both islands, as well as Lefkada, offer sandy beaches, historic sites, and picturesque villages.
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Thessaloniki is the second largest port city in Greece and the capital of Macedonia. It was once the most important Jewish center in the Mediterranean; in 1492, 20,000 Sephardi Jews took refuge within the city's walls. Thessaloniki is known for its many beautiful Byzantine churches. Just south of Thessaloniki lies the Chalkidiki Peninsula, one of northern Greece's most popular vacation destinations. Here you'll find forests of beeches, chestnuts, cypress, and willows. There are golden sand beaches and charming villages such as Potidea, Olinthos, and Stagira, the birthplace of Aristotle.
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The Peloponnese has beautiful beaches and majestic mountains. The port town of Koroni has a lovely beach and castle and the fishing village of Finikounda is one of the best windsurfing destinations in Greece. To the east of Kalamata is the Messinian Mani with its clean pebble beaches, wooded slopes, rugged peaks, and beautiful villages with cobbled streets. The village of Karadmyli, located at the end of the Vyros Gorge is in the shadow of Mount Taygetos, is known for its wonderful trekking trails.The Peloponnese is steeped in ancient history. Corinth was a great naval power in ancient times. The Doric temple of Apollo stands on a knoll to the north of the agora and remains the most important monument of that period. It contains mosaic floors, Mycenaean and Korinthian pottery, terra cotta sphinxes, statues of two supernatural beings, relief plaques, and the Roman head of the Goddess Tyche. Olympia, on the banks of the Olfios River is an archeological site rich in architectural remains. The ruins of ancient Korinth are spread out at the foot of the huge rock of Acrocorinth. It is the largest and the oldest fortress in the Peloponnese. Akrokorinthos contains principally Roman remains and some Greek edifices. There are a number of shrines and temples, including the Temple of Aphrodite. The town of Methoni has a vast 13th century fortress surrounded on three sides by the sea. The town of Pylos has two castles, one on each side of the bay. Nearby is the Mycenean Palace of Nestor, one of the best preserved of all Mycenean palaces. Many of the frescos and artifacts found here are now in the archeological museum in nearby Chora.
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Ecompassing the fertile plains of central Greece and the mountainous eastern coast, Thessaly offers opportunities for mountain exploration (the Olympus, Pindus, Ossa, and Pelion ranges are located here) and beach activities on the Aegean. The Mount Pelion peninsula is known for its forests, tasteful resorts, and unspoiled coastline. Volos, the main port city, is an easy access point to the Sporades. Although not particularly beautiful, the inland capital of Larissa is an important road and rail junction and a convenient staging point for travels north towards Mount Olympus and Thessaloniki, or west towards Kalambaka and the Monasteries of Meteora, one of the best sights in central Greece. These 10th century buildings, perched on pedestals of rock, are not to be missed!
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